Table of Contents
Michael R. Nadorff
Mississippi State University
Julie Cerel
University of Kentucky
Michael R. Nadorf is a tenured associate professor in psychology at Mississippi State University and is a licensed psychologist in Mississippi. He has directed the clinical psychology doctoral program at Mississippi State University since 2014.
Dr. Cerel is a licensed clinical psychologist and Professor in the College of Social Work at the University of Kentucky. She is the director of the Suicide Prevention & Exposure Lab (SPEL) at the University of Kentucky and currently serves as the Interim Associate Dean of Research and the Constance Wilson Professor in Mental Health.
No matter the merriment of the season, the holidays remain a struggle for those who have lost a loved one to suicide.
In 2020, COVID-19 isolated many people from their families. Ironically, that isolation may have spared suicide-loss survivors some suffering; with no family gathering, one was less likely to notice the empty seat at the table. But this year, with many families coming together, grief will surely find its place.
Half of all Americans know someone who has died by suicide. I am one of them, and the death of my grandmother inspired me to become a suicide researcher. My co-author and colleague, a fellow psychologist and professor of social work, has examined how families can best cope after a suicide. Here is a brief look at some of the startling things we have learned.
Staggering Statistics, Tragic Losses
Suicide impacts far more people than you might think. In 2020, a staggering 45,800 Americans killed themselves]. Suicide is the 11th-leading cause of death overall in the U.S. and the second-leading cause of death for youth and young adults. There are more suicides than deaths from car accidents, homicides or breast cancer every year in the U.S.; between 1999 and 2018, the suicide rate increased by 35%.
Stunning as these statistics are, they reveal little about the devastation that suicide leaves behind. Our work demonstrates that, for each suicide, an average of 135 people knew the person. That’s 6 million Americans every year who are directly impacted from the loss of a life to suicide.
Along with grief, many suicide-loss survivors feel guilty. They believe they contributed to the death or could have prevented it. Some spend the rest of their lives wondering “What if?” One study shows that 92% of parents who lost a child to suicide experienced guilt; 34% report the guilt was the worst part of their grief.
A survivor of suicide loss speaks out.
Helping Those Left Behind
Although survivors often say “I should have known,” no one can predict suicide, not even the experts. Researchers and clinicians are no better at forecasting suicide than they were 50 years ago. Their odds of a correct prediction are roughly the same as a coin flip. To expect a layperson to succeed where experts frequently fail is unreasonable.
There are hundreds of risk factors for most suicides; single-cause suicides are very rare. Those who feel solely responsible for a loved one’s suicide are being unfair to themselves.
Put simply, those who kill themselves feel lonely and disconnected. They feel like their death would be better for friends and loved ones. The pain becomes so overwhelming that the person overcomes the most powerful instinct of the human species: self-preservation.
Don’t Withdraw
Often, family and friends don’t know what to say to someone coping with a suicide loss during the holidays, so they say nothing. It feels safer.
But withdrawing does not help. Instead, just be there. You don’t have to make a speech; “I’m so sorry” is enough. Let them know they are not alone. Let them talk if they want to. Let them share stories about the person so that the death – those last minutes of their life – does not define how the lost loved one is remembered. Don’t be afraid to say the person’s name or ask questions about them.
These very simple acts of listening, being present and offering space to talk about and reflect on the person who has been lost will be more meaningful than you can imagine. This is particularly true when others in the survivor’s life are withdrawing because they don’t know how to interact with someone who has experienced this type of loss. For those you care about who have lost a loved one to suicide, you can help make the holidays a little easier and maybe even brighter.
For NZ: Suicide Crisis Helpline
0508 828 865
0508 TAUTOKO is a free, nationwide service available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and is operated by highly trained and experienced telephone counsellors who have undergone advanced suicide prevention training.
If you think you, or someone you know, may be thinking about suicide, call the Suicide Crisis Helpline for support.
If you believe either you, or someone you know, is in immediate danger, please call emergency services immediately on 111.
Michael R. Nadorff, Associate Professor of Psychology, Mississippi State University and Julie Cerel, Professor of Social Work, University of Kentucky
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
