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How Socialists Tried to Breed Out the Desire for Freedom

Zilvinas Silenas fee.org Zilvinas Silenas became President of the Foundation for Economic Education (FEE) in May 2019. He served from 2011-2019 as the President of the Lithuanian Free Market Institute (LFMI), bringing the organization and its free-market policy reform message to the forefront of Lithuanian public discourse. Nearly a

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When Money Dies, 100 Years Later

When Money Dies, 100 Years Later

Jeff Deist mises.org Jeff Deist is president of the Mises Institute. He previously worked as chief of staff to Congressman Ron Paul, and as an attorney for private equity clients. When Money Dies, Adam Fergusson’s cautionary account of hyperinflation in Weimar-era Germany, is the book Americans desperately need

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The BFD Food Column: Ceviche

The BFD Food Column: Ceviche

Daniel Goldwater Chef CMRJ Jerusalem Israel Ceviche sounds much more appetising to the ear than macerated fish As I have written previously I try to keep my column at the very least loosely connected to the culinary delights and food sources of the Mediterranean and Middle East regions. Recently I

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A Race Relations Commissioner Completely Unfit for Purpose

A Race Relations Commissioner Completely Unfit for Purpose

Christopher Ruthe waikanaewatch.org Update: The date of the quoted NZ Listener article was incorrect. It has been corrected from the 12th of December to the 19th. This was written as a riposte to an article in The NZ Listener — but it refused to publish it. “The great enemy of

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The Nativity set figurine

When Christmas Was Cancelled: A Lesson from History

Martyn Bennett Nottingham Trent University The prospect of a Christmas without large-scale celebrations is preying on minds. After the widespread cancellation of pantomimes, festive light “switch-ons” and other community activities, it seems likely that 2020’s festivities will be much more intimate affairs, potentially with households banned from mixing indoors.

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Charles Dickens and the Birth of the Classic English Christmas Dinner

Charles Dickens and the Birth of the Classic English Christmas Dinner

Joan Fitzpatrick Loughborough University Charles Dickens popularised the traditional, English Christmas in 1843 in his novel A Christmas Carol, when Bob Cratchit and his family sit down on Christmas Day to eat a dinner of goose with mashed potatoes and apple sauce accompanied by sage and onion stuffing and followed

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Charles Dickens and the Birth of the Classic English Christmas Dinner

Charles Dickens and the Birth of the Classic English Christmas Dinner

Joan Fitzpatrick Loughborough University Charles Dickens popularised the traditional, English Christmas in 1843 in his novel A Christmas Carol, when Bob Cratchit and his family sit down on Christmas Day to eat a dinner of goose with mashed potatoes and apple sauce accompanied by sage and onion stuffing and followed

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How the Nazis Co-opted Christmas

How the Nazis Co-opted Christmas

Joe Perry Georgia State University In 1921, in a Munich beer hall, newly appointed Nazi party leader Adolf Hitler gave a Christmas speech to an excited crowd. According to undercover police observers, 4,000 supporters cheered when Hitler condemned “the cowardly Jews for breaking the world-liberator on the cross” and

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grayscale photography of group of men wearing soldier suit

It Was German Soldiers Who Made First Move in the Christmas Truce

William Keylor Boston University The Christmas Truce is no stranger to popular entertainment – this year more than any other as its 100th anniversary is marked. The famous moment when British and German soldiers climbed out of the trenches in peace on Christmas Day 1914 has been replicated and ruminated upon

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How the Salvation Army’s Red Kettles Became a Christmas Tradition

How the Salvation Army’s Red Kettles Became a Christmas Tradition

Diane Winston USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism Tinseled trees and snowy landscapes are not the only signs of the upcoming holiday season. Red kettles, staffed by men and women in street clothes, Santa suits and Salvation Army uniforms, also telegraph Christmastime. The Salvation Army is among America’s

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people walking on market

Christmas Markets: Their Long History and Changing Future

Aurélie Bröckerhoff Coventry University Cristina Galalae University of Leicester Wooden huts with twinkling fairy lights, festive hubbub, and the aromas of roasted chestnuts and glühwein – this picture-postcard setting is recreated annually across UK towns and cities in December. This year, however, most Christmas markets have been cancelled, meaning that 2020

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Christmas tree near wall

The Amazing Growth of the Christmas Tree

François Lévêque Mines ParisTech A few hundred years ago, who would have dreamed that the humble Christmas tree would one day be an immense global success? Certainly not Martin Luther, who is said to have decorated a tree with candles to celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ. Nor Prince Albert,

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The Humble Origins of ‘Silent Night’

The Humble Origins of ‘Silent Night’

Sarah Eyerly Florida State University One of the world’s most famous Christmas carols, “Silent Night,” celebrates its 200th anniversary this year. Over the centuries, hundreds of Christmas carols have been composed. Many fall quickly into obscurity. Not “Silent Night.” Translated into at least 300 languages, designated by UNESCO as

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gold and red hanging decor

Decking the Halls of History: The Origins of Christmas Decorations

Anne Lawrence-Mathers University of Reading The idea of hanging up decorations in the middle of winter is older than Christmas itself. Decorations are mentioned in ancient descriptions of the Roman feast of Saturnalia, which is thought to have originated in the 5th century BC. Some 900 years later, a Christian

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